The canonical example is again Lamport's derivation of Paxos. The abstract Consensus spec defines a single variable chosen that transitions from the empty set to a singleton. Then an intermediate Voting model is defined and shown to be a refinement of Consensus. It describes what properties voting must satisfy, but not how acceptors implement them. Finally, the Paxos model refines Voting by adding message passing, ballot leaders, and the two-phase protocol. At each level, the refinement adds detail (ballots, quorums, messages) while preserving the safety property from above.
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